This is the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) mathematics textbook for Class X. It is an English medium (Roman script) book — the complete text, theorems, worked examples, exercises and answers are in English, and there is no Hindi content in it. It is prescribed for CBSE schools and for state boards that follow the NCERT curriculum.
The book opens with real numbers — Euclid's division lemma, the fundamental theorem of arithmetic and irrationality proofs — then polynomials and the relationship between zeroes and coefficients. Pair of linear equations covers graphical and algebraic methods including substitution, elimination and cross-multiplication. Quadratic equations takes up factorisation, the quadratic formula and the nature of roots. Arithmetic progressions deals with the nth term and the sum of n terms. The geometry section covers similarity of triangles with its theorems, coordinate geometry with the distance and section formulae, and circles with the tangent theorems. Introduction to trigonometry establishes the ratios, identities and standard angles, followed by applications — heights and distances. The book closes with areas related to circles, surface areas and volumes of combined solids, statistics with mean, median and mode of grouped data and ogives, and probability.
Class 10 mathematics is a board subject where the paper is set very closely on the prescribed exercises — questions frequently appear with only the numbers changed, and the theorem proofs in similarity and circles are expected in the structure and notation this book establishes. Working through every exercise here, including the optional ones marked with an asterisk, covers more of the paper than any question bank does on its own.
Beyond the board, this is the standard base text for NTSE and olympiad work at this level, and the trigonometry, quadratic equations and coordinate geometry chapters are the direct groundwork for Class 11. Answers are provided at the back for independent checking, along with chapter summaries.
Key Features:
English medium book — complete content written in English (Roman script), no Hindi content
Published by NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training)
Mathematics — Textbook for Class X (Class 10)
Prescribed for CBSE schools and state boards following the NCERT curriculum
Covers Real Numbers — Euclid's division lemma and fundamental theorem of arithmetic
Covers Polynomials — zeroes and coefficients, division algorithm
Covers Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables — graphical and algebraic methods
Covers Quadratic Equations — factorisation, formula and nature of roots
Covers Arithmetic Progressions — nth term and sum of n terms
Covers Triangles — similarity criteria and theorems
Covers Coordinate Geometry — distance formula, section formula and area of a triangle
Covers Introduction to Trigonometry and Some Applications of Trigonometry
Covers Circles — tangent theorems
Covers Areas Related to Circles and Surface Areas and Volumes
Covers Statistics — mean, median, mode of grouped data and ogives
Covers Probability
Theorem proofs in the structure and notation the board expects
Worked examples, graded exercises and optional starred exercises
Chapter summaries and answers at the back for independent checking
Base textbook for the CBSE Class 10 mathematics board examination
Foundation text for NTSE, olympiad and Class 11 preparation
Standard NCERT text — the base book before any guide or question bank
यह पुस्तक राष्ट्रीय शैक्षिक अनुसंधान और प्रशिक्षण परिषद (NCERT) द्वारा कक्षा X (कक्षा 10) के लिए निर्धारित गणित की पाठ्यपुस्तक है। ध्यान दें: यह पुस्तक पूर्णतः अंग्रेज़ी भाषा एवं रोमन लिपि में है — इसमें हिन्दी भाषा का प्रयोग नहीं है। इसमें वास्तविक संख्याएँ, बहुपद, दो चर वाले रैखिक समीकरण युग्म, द्विघात समीकरण, समांतर श्रेढ़ियाँ, त्रिभुज (समरूपता एवं प्रमेय), निर्देशांक ज्यामिति, त्रिकोणमिति का परिचय एवं उसके अनुप्रयोग, वृत्त (स्पर्श रेखा संबंधी प्रमेय), वृत्तों से संबंधित क्षेत्रफल, पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल एवं आयतन, सांख्यिकी तथा प्रायिकता — ये अध्याय सम्मिलित हैं। हल किए गए उदाहरण, क्रमबद्ध प्रश्नावलियाँ, ऐच्छिक (starred) प्रश्नावलियाँ, अध्याय-सारांश तथा अंत में उत्तर दिए गए हैं। बोर्ड परीक्षा के प्रश्न प्रायः इन्हीं अभ्यासों से पूछे जाते हैं और प्रमेयों की सिद्धि उसी क्रम एवं संकेतन में अपेक्षित होती है जैसी इस पुस्तक में दी गई है। NTSE, ओलंपियाड तथा कक्षा 11 की तैयारी का आधार भी यही पुस्तक है।
